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Democracy extends the sphere of individual freedom, socialism restricts it. Democracy attaches all possible value to each man; socialism makes each man a mere agent, a mere number. Democracy and socialism have nothing in common but one word: equality. But notice the difference: while democracy seeks equality in liberty, socialism seeks equality in restraint and servitude.

Alexis de Tocqueville#34

PoliticsDemocracyEqualitySocialism

About this quote

What does it mean?
Democracy and socialism both claim equality but differ fundamentally on whether it is achieved through liberty or control.
In plain terms
Democracy and socialism both say equality, but democracy uses freedom and socialism uses control.
What can you take from it?
Examine how political systems define equality.

Where it applies

  • political debate
  • policy analysis
  • ideological study

Putting it to work

  • clarify definitions in debate
  • assess policy impacts on liberty

Questions to consider

  • What kind of equality do you seek?
  • Is liberty compatible with strict economic equality?

Another view

Modern political systems often blend elements of both.

More from Alexis de Tocqueville

  1. Countries, therefore, when lawmaking falls exclusively to the lot of the poor cannot hope for much economy in public expenditure; expenses will always be consi…

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  2. Despotism may govern without faith, but liberty cannot. How is it possible that society should escape destruction if the moral tie is not strengthened in propo…

    Permalink to quote #35
  3. Consider any individual at any period of his life, and you will always find him preoccupied with fresh plans to increase his comfort.

    Permalink to quote #32

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