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They have made present-day India, and Hinduism even more so, out to be a zoo - an agglomeration of assorted, disparate specimens. No such thing as 'India', just a geographical expression, just a construct of the British; no such thing as Hinduism, just a word used by Arabs to describe the assortment they encountered, just an invention of the communalists to impose a uniformity - that has been their stance. For this they have blackened the Hindu period of our history, and, as we shall see, strained to whitewash the Islamic period.

Arun Shourie#2

CritiqueCultureHistoryIdentityIndiaNationalism

About this quote

What does it mean?
Some historians treat Indian identity as a British or Arab invention rather than an organic development.
In plain terms
Critics claim India and Hinduism are modern constructs, not ancient realities.
What can you take from it?
Identity is often contested by scholars and historians.

Where it applies

  • historical research
  • national identity debates
  • academic discourse

Putting it to work

  • analyze origin stories
  • review historical texts

Questions to consider

  • Is national identity invented or discovered?
  • How do you define India?

Another view

Ancient India was indeed diverse and not uniformly unified.

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