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Even if a civil society were to be dissolved by the consent of all its members (e.g., if a people inhabiting an island decided to separate and disperse throughout the world), the last murderer remaining in prison would first have to be executed, so that each has done to him what his deeds deserve and blood guilt does not cling to the people for not having insisted upon this punishment; for otherwise the people can be regarded as collaborators in his public violation of justice. [Kt6:333]

Immanuel Kant#34

EthicsLawJusticeSocietyPunishment

About this quote

What does it mean?
Justice must be carried out even if society dissolves to avoid collective guilt.
In plain terms
Even if everyone leaves prison, the last criminal must be punished for justice.
What can you take from it?
Punishment serves justice beyond social order.

Where it applies

  • legal systems
  • moral dilemmas
  • justice reform

Putting it to work

  • uphold laws
  • seek fair punishment
  • avoid collective blame

Questions to consider

  • Is punishment for the sake of order?
  • Who bears responsibility for justice?

Another view

Execution may not prevent all forms of injustice.

More from Immanuel Kant

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  2. There is...only a single categorical imperative and it is this: Act only on that maxim through which you can at the same time will that it should become a univ…

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  3. Morality is not properly the doctrine of how we may make ourselves happy, but how we may make ourselves worthy of happiness.

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