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About this quote

What does it mean?
Keynes critiques capitalism by suggesting it relies on the paradox that individuals pursuing selfish or wicked interests inadvertently produce societal benefits.
In plain terms
The system works because people doing bad things for their own gain end up helping everyone else.
What can you take from it?
Self-interest can drive collective good, even if the motives are not virtuous.

Where it applies

  • policy debates
  • business ethics
  • social commentary

Putting it to work

  • evaluating market outcomes
  • discussing motivation
  • critiquing systems

Questions to consider

  • Can a system built on selfishness truly serve the common good?
  • Is the outcome more important than the intention in economics?

Another view

It oversimplifies human motivation and ignores cases where self-interest harms the public.

More from John Maynard Keynes

  1. It is better to be roughly right than precisely wrong.

    Permalink to quote #25
  2. The importance of money flows from it being a link between the present and the future.

    Permalink to quote #27
  3. When the facts change, I change my mind. What do you do, sir?

    Permalink to quote #24

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