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War is an ugly thing, but not the ugliest of things: the decayed and degraded state of moral and patriotic feeling which thinks that nothing is worth a war, is much worse. When a people are used as mere human instruments for firing cannon or thrusting bayonets, in the service and for the selfish purposes of a master, such war degrades a people. A war to protect other human beings against tyrannical injustice; a war to give victory to their own ideas of right and good, and which is their own war, carried on for an honest purpose by their free choice, - is often the means of their regeneration. A man who has nothing which he is willing to fight for, nothing which he cares more about than he does about his personal safety, is a miserable creature who has no chance of being free, unless made and kept so by the exertions of better men than himself. As long as justice and injustice have not terminated their ever-renewing fight for ascendancy in the affairs of mankind, human beings must be willing, when need is, to do battle for the one against the other.

John Stuart Mill#4

FreedomEthicsPoliticsMoralityWar

About this quote

What does it mean?
War is ugly, but the moral decay that deems war unnecessary is worse; a just war fought for freedom can regenerate people, while those without a cause to fight become miserable and unfree.
In plain terms
Moral decay is worse than war; a just war can renew a people.
What can you take from it?
Purposeful struggle can restore dignity, but lack of purpose leads to oppression.

Where it applies

  • political movements
  • civil rights struggles

Putting it to work

  • define clear moral goals
  • support just causes

Questions to consider

  • When does war become moral?
  • How does moral decay lead to conflict?

Another view

Defining a 'just' war is often contested.

More from John Stuart Mill

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  3. We are not so absurd as to propose that the teacher should not set forth his own opinions as the true ones and exert his utmost powers to exhibit their truth i…

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