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Kesey creates finally in McMurphy a modern unhero or anti-hero who expands himself, through a gradual shift in his concern from himself to those around him, into the role of the traditional hero. It is a strange and preposterous role... In the modern world, such a hero, individualistic to the point of disaffiliation but at the same time altruistic to the point of self-sacrifice, is by definition absurd; and all people and actions touched by such heroism are tinted by its absurdity.

Ken Kesey#45

EthicsHeroismLiteratureSacrifice

About this quote

What does it mean?
The modern hero shifts from self-interest to self-sacrifice, making him absurd yet impactful.
In plain terms
A hero who changes from selfish to selfless seems absurd but matters.
What can you take from it?
Heroism in modern times is contradictory.

Where it applies

  • literary analysis
  • moral dilemmas
  • leadership

Putting it to work

  • character study
  • ethical reflection

Questions to consider

  • Is absurdity inherent to modern heroism?
  • Can selflessness and individualism coexist?

Another view

Not all self-sacrifice leads to heroism.

More from Ken Kesey

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  2. Big Nurse speaks for the fixed pattern, the unbreakable routine, the submission of individual will to mechanical, humourless control. McMurphy speaks an older …

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  3. What we hoped was that we could stop the coming end of the world.

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