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Suppose Germany had developed two bombs before we had any bombs. And suppose Germany had dropped one bomb, say, on Rochester and the other on Buffalo, and then having run out of bombs she would have lost the war. Can anyone doubt that we would then have defined the dropping of atomic bombs on cities as a war crime, and that we would have sentenced the Germans who were guilty of this crime to death at Nuremberg and hanged them? But, again, don't misunderstand me. The only conclusion we can draw is that governments acting in a crisis are guided by questions of expediency, and moral considerations are given very little weight, and that America is no different from any other nation in this respect.

Leo Szilard#1

HistoryWarJusticeMorality

About this quote

What does it mean?
Szilard argues that moral judgments depend on who wins a war, suggesting governments act on expediency rather than ethics during crises.
In plain terms
If Germany had lost but won with bombs, we might have called their actions war crimes, showing morality is flexible in crisis.
What can you take from it?
Governments prioritize practical outcomes over moral consistency in emergencies.

Where it applies

  • wartime decisions
  • legal trials
  • policy making

Putting it to work

  • question moral absolutism
  • audit crisis decisions
  • separate outcome from ethics

Questions to consider

  • Can morality be consistent across opposing sides?
  • Does victory justify actions?

Another view

The hypothetical scenario simplifies complex historical and legal realities.

More from Leo Szilard

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  2. Even if we accept, as the basic tenet of true democracy, that one moron is equal to one genius, is it necessary to go a further step and hold that two morons a…

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  3. We turned the switch, we saw the flashes, we watched them for about ten minutes - and then we switched everything off and went home. That night I knew the worl…

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