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About this quote

What does it mean?
There is only one true freshness—the original—so any later 'freshness' is merely decay.
In plain terms
Only the first freshness is genuine; later ones are rotten.
What can you take from it?
Value originality over imitation.

Where it applies

  • creative work
  • product design

Putting it to work

  • prioritize innovation
  • avoid copying

Questions to consider

  • What does 'freshness' mean in your field?
  • Can later versions improve on the original?

Another view

Repeated freshness can be genuine evolution, not just decay.

More from Mikhail Bulgakov

  1. 'Yes, man is mortal, but that would be only half the trouble. The worst of it is that he's sometimes unexpectedly mortal - there's the trick!'

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  2. 'Who told you that there is no true, faithful, eternal love in this world! May the liar's vile tongue be cut out!'

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  3. 'For some reason, cats are usually addressed familiarly, though no cat has ever drunk bruderschaft with anyone.'

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