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The facts of nature are what they are, but we can only view them through the spectacles of our mind. Our mind works largely by metaphor and comparison, not always (or often) by relentless logic. When we are caught in conceptual traps, the best exit is often a change in metaphor-not because the new guideline will be truer to nature (for neither the old nor the new metaphor lies 'out there' in the woods), but because we need a shift to more fruitful perspectives, and metaphor is often the best agent of conceptual transition.

Stephen Jay Gould#86

CognitionFlexibilityMetaphorUnderstanding

About this quote

What does it mean?
We interpret facts through mental metaphors; when stuck, changing the metaphor helps us see new perspectives rather than seeking absolute truth.
In plain terms
Our minds use comparisons to understand the world. Switching comparisons can help us solve problems even if neither comparison is perfectly true.
What can you take from it?
Use metaphor shifts to escape conceptual traps and gain fresh views on complex issues.

Where it applies

  • problem solving
  • conflict resolution
  • creative thinking

Putting it to work

  • reframing arguments
  • teaching via analogy

Questions to consider

  • What metaphors limit your current understanding?
  • How can shifting your story help you solve a hard problem?

Another view

Changing metaphors might obscure objective facts if not grounded in reality.

More from Stephen Jay Gould

  1. Most impediments to scientific understanding are conceptual locks, not factual lacks. Most difficult to dislodge are those biases that escape our scrutiny beca…

    Permalink to quote #85
  2. There are no shortcuts to moral insight. Nature is not intrinsically anything that can offer comfort or solace in human terms-if only because our species is su…

    Permalink to quote #87
  3. Included in this 'almost nothing,' as a kind of geological afterthought of the last few million years, is the first development of self-conscious intelligence …

    Permalink to quote #84

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