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A man has a right to use a saw, an axe, a plane, separately; may he not combine their uses on the same piece of wood? He has a right to use his knife to cut his meat, a fork to hold it; may a patentee take from him the right to combine their use on the same subject? Such a law, instead of enlarging our conveniences, as was intended, would most fearfully abridge them, and crowd us by monopolies out of the use of the things we have.

Thomas Jefferson#73

EconomyLawRightsInnovation

About this quote

What does it mean?
Jefferson argues patent laws should not prevent combining tools, warning monopolies reduce practical conveniences.
In plain terms
People should be free to combine tools like saws and axes, but patents block this and hurt everyone.
What can you take from it?
Monopolies on combining basic tools reduce freedom and utility for everyone.

Where it applies

  • intellectual property debates
  • innovation policy
  • consumer rights

Putting it to work

  • advocating patent reform
  • promoting open innovation
  • challenging monopolies

Questions to consider

  • What rights are taken by patents?
  • How do laws limit practical use?

Another view

Patents can incentivize invention, and removing them might slow progress.

More from Thomas Jefferson

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  3. The Christian priesthood, finding the doctrines of Christ levelled to every understanding, and too plain to need explanation, saw in the mysticism of Plato, ma…

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