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A function of free speech under our system of government is to invite dispute. It may indeed best serve its high purposes when it induces a condition of unrest, creates dissatisfaction with conditions as they are, or even stirs people to anger. Speech is often provocative and challenging. It may strike at prejudices and preconceptions and have profound unsettling effects as it presses for acceptance of an idea.

William O. Douglas#25

FreedomSocietyFree speechSpeechCivil libertiesDebateSocial change

About this quote

What does it mean?
Free speech is meant to provoke dispute and challenge the status quo, even if it causes unrest.
In plain terms
Free speech should make people uncomfortable and question things.
What can you take from it?
Accept that free speech often causes discomfort and dispute.

Where it applies

  • public debate
  • media regulation
  • academic freedom

Putting it to work

  • encourage open debate
  • tolerate dissent
  • protect speech

Questions to consider

  • Does speech need to be uncomfortable to be free?
  • How do we handle speech that stirs anger?

Another view

Hate speech or misinformation may require some limits.

More from William O. Douglas

  1. One who comes to the Court must come to adore, not to protest. That's the new gloss on the First Amendment.

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  2. As nightfall does not come all at once, neither does oppression. In both instances, there is a twilight when everything remains seemingly unchanged. And it is …

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  3. For there is no constitutional right for any race to be preferred... If discrimination based on race is constitutionally permissible when those who hold the re…

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