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Above all else, tragedy requires the finest appreciation by the writer of cause and effect. No tragedy can therefore come about when its author fears to question absolutely everything, when he regards any institution, habit or custom as being either everlasting, immutable or inevitable. In the tragic view the need of man to wholly realize himself is the only fixed star, and whatever it is that hedges his nature and lowers it is ripe for attack and examination.

Arthur Miller#70

WritingHumanityTragedyLiteratureCriticismPhilosophyQuestioning

About this quote

What does it mean?
Tragedy demands authors question all institutions since human realization is the only constant.
In plain terms
Writers must challenge everything except the need to realize oneself.
What can you take from it?
Question all assumptions in storytelling.

Where it applies

  • writing advice
  • literary analysis

Putting it to work

  • write provocatively
  • challenge norms

Questions to consider

  • What do you accept without asking?
  • Is tradition sacred?

Another view

Some traditions serve social stability better than being questioned.

More from Arthur Miller

  1. The tragic right is a condition of life, a condition in which the human personality is able to flower and realize itself. The wrong is the condition which supp…

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  2. There is a misconception of tragedy with which I have been struck in review after review, and in many conversations with writers and readers alike. It is the i…

    Permalink to quote #71
  3. Only the passive, only those who accept their lot without active retaliation, are 'flawless.' Most of us are in that category. But there are among us today, as…

    Permalink to quote #68

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