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More from Baruch Spinoza

  1. Nothing in the universe is contingent, but all things are conditioned to exist and operate in a particular manner by the necessity of the divine nature.

    Permalink to quote #42
  2. Nothing exists from whose nature some effect does not follow.

    Permalink to quote #44
  3. Individual things are nothing but modifications of the attributes of God, or modes by which the attributes of God are expressed in a fixed and definite manner.

    Permalink to quote #41