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We designate by the term 'State' institutions that embody absolutism in its extreme form and institutions that temper it with more or less liberality. We apply the word alike to institutions that do nothing but aggress and to institutions that, besides aggressing, to some extent protect and defend. But which is the State's essential function, aggression or defence, few seem to know or care.

Benjamin Tucker#14

StateTuckerDefenseAggressionDefinition

About this quote

What does it mean?
Tucker defines the state as institutions embodying absolutism, questioning whether aggression or defense is essential.
In plain terms
Tucker says the state is absolutist but questions if it attacks or defends.
What can you take from it?
The state embodies absolutism but its essential function is debated.

Where it applies

  • political philosophy
  • state critique
  • institutional analysis

Putting it to work

  • define state functions
  • critique absolutism
  • analyze institutions

Questions to consider

  • What is the true purpose of the state?
  • Is defense always defensive?

Another view

The definition frames the state negatively from the start.

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  3. Marx, as we have seen, solved it by declaring capital to be a different thing from product, and maintaining that it belonged to society and should be seized by…

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