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It is only because the majority opinion will always be opposed by some that our knowledge and understanding progress. In the process by which opinion is formed, it is very probable that, by the time any view becomes a majority view, it is no longer the best view: somebody will already have advanced beyond the point which the majority have reached. It is because we do not yet which of the many competing new opinions will prove itself the best that we wait until it has gained sufficient support.

Friedrich Hayek#146

KnowledgeProgressOpinionConsensusDecision makingDissentEpistemology

About this quote

What does it mean?
Progress depends on dissent because majority views often lag behind emerging better ideas. Waiting for consensus allows time to test competing opinions before adopting them.
In plain terms
We learn and move forward only when people disagree with the crowd.
What can you take from it?
Value dissent and avoid rushing to majority consensus.

Where it applies

  • policy debates
  • scientific communities
  • market innovation

Putting it to work

  • Encourage minority viewpoints in meetings
  • Delay decisions until diverse views are heard

Questions to consider

  • When is majority agreement actually better than dissent?
  • How do you identify a view that has already been surpassed?

Another view

Some critical issues require swift action rather than prolonged debate.

More from Friedrich Hayek

  1. It is indeed probable that more harm and misery have been caused by men determined to use coercion to stamp out a moral evil than by men intent on doing evil.

    Permalink to quote #145
  2. It used to be the boast of free men that, so long as they kept within the bounds of the known law, there was no need to ask anybody's permission or to obey any…

    Permalink to quote #147
  3. It is always from a minority acting in ways different from what the majority would prescribe that the majority in the end learns to do better.

    Permalink to quote #144

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