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The extermination of what the exterminators call inferior races is as old as history. 'Stone dead hath no fellow' said Cromwell when he tried to exterminate the Irish. 'The only good nigger is a dead nigger' say the Americans of the Ku-Klux temperament. 'Hates any man the thing he would not kill?' said Shylock naively. But we white men, as we absurdly call ourselves in spite of the testimony of our looking glasses, regard all differently colored folk as inferior species. Ladies and gentlemen class rebellious laborers with vermin. The Dominicans, the watchdogs of God, regarded the Albigenses as the enemies of God, just as Torquemada regarded the Jews as the murderers of God. All that is an old story: what we are confronted with now is a growing perception that if we desire a certain type of civilization and culture we must exterminate the sort of people who do not fit into it. There is a difference between the shooting at sight of aboriginal natives in the back blocks of Australia and the massacres of aristocrats in the terror which followed the foreign attacks on the French Revolution. The Australian gunman pots the aboriginal natives to satisfy his personal antipathy to a black man with uncut hair. But nobody in the French Republic had this feeling about Lavoisier, nor can any German Nazi have felt that way about Einstein. Yet Lavoisier was guillotined; and Einstein has had to fly for his life from Germany. It was silly to say that the Republic had no use for chemists; and no Nazi has stultified his party to the extent of saying that the new National Socialist Fascist State in Germany has no use for mathematician-physicists. The proposition is that aristocrats (Lavoisier's class) and Jews (Einstein's race) are unfit to enjoy the privilege of living in a modern society founded on definite principles of social welfare as distinguished from the old promiscuous aggregations crudely policed by chiefs who had no notion of social criticism and no time to invent it.

George Bernard Shaw#189

CulturePowerWarHistoryDiscriminationGenocide

About this quote

What does it mean?
Shaw critiques how civilizations justify exterminating those who do not fit their cultural norms.
In plain terms
Civilizations often try to destroy people who are different.
What can you take from it?
Dominant groups often eliminate others to protect their culture.

Where it applies

  • historical analysis
  • political ethics

Putting it to work

  • studying historical conflicts
  • analyzing propaganda

Questions to consider

  • Who decides who fits in?
  • How do cultures protect themselves?

Another view

The quote conflates political rhetoric with historical reality in complex ways.

More from George Bernard Shaw

  1. In law we draw a line between the killing of human animals and non-human ones, setting the latter apart as brutes. This was founded on a general belief that hu…

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  2. There have been summits of civilization at which heretics like Socrates, who was killed because he was wiser than his neighbors, have not been tortured, but or…

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  3. In this play a reference is made by a Chief of Police to the political necessity for killing people: a necessity so distressing to the statesmen and so terrify…

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