As I write, highly civilized human beings are flying overhead, trying to kill me. They do not feel any enmity against me as an individual, nor I against them. They are 'only doing their duty', as the saying goes. Most of them, I have no doubt, are kind-hearted law-abiding men who would never dream of committing murder in private life. On the other hand, if one of them succeeds in blowing me to pieces with a well-placed bomb, he will never sleep any the worse for it. He is serving his country, which has the power to absolve him from evil. One cannot see the modern world as it is unless one recognizes the overwhelming strength of patriotism, national loyalty. In certain circumstances it can break down, at certain levels of civilization it does not exist, but as a positive force there is nothing to set beside it. Christianity and international Socialism are as weak as straw in comparison with it. Hitler and Mussolini rose to power in their own countries very largely because they could grasp this fact and their opponents could not.
About this quote
- What does it mean?
- Orwell reflects on how patriotism makes ordinary people willing to kill without personal hatred.
- In plain terms
- Patriotism makes killing acceptable for regular people.
- What can you take from it?
- National loyalty can override personal morality.
Where it applies
Putting it to work
Questions to consider
- Can loyalty justify violence?
- How does identity shape morals?
Another view
Not all soldiers lose their humanity in conflict.
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