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In the negative part of Professor Hayek's thesis there is a great deal of truth. It cannot be said too often - at any rate, it is not being said nearly often enough - that collectivism is not inherently democratic, but, on the contrary, gives to a tyrannical minority such powers as the Spanish Inquisitors never dreamed of. Professor Hayek is also probably right in saying that in this country the intellectuals are more totalitarian-minded than the common people. But he does not see, or will not admit, that a return to 'free' competition means for the great mass of people a tyranny probably worse, because more irresponsible, than that of the State.

George Orwell#97

SocietyPowerFreedomEconomyTyranny

About this quote

What does it mean?
Collectivism can be tyrannical, yet free competition may also lead to worse irresponsible tyranny for the masses.
In plain terms
Both government control and free markets can create tyranny.
What can you take from it?
Neither extreme is safe for the people.

Where it applies

  • economic policy
  • political theory
  • social debate

Putting it to work

  • analyze economic systems
  • weigh risks
  • seek balanced approaches

Questions to consider

  • How do we avoid both tyrannies?
  • What protects the masses?

Another view

Some markets work well.

More from George Orwell

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