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A wise man will not leave the right to the mercy of chance, nor wish it to prevail through the power of the majority. There is but little virtue in the action of masses of men. When the majority shall at length vote for the abolition of slavery, it will be because they are indifferent to slavery, or because there is but little slavery left to be abolished by their vote. They will then be the only slaves. Only his vote can hasten the abolition of slavery who asserts his own freedom by his vote.

Henry David Thoreau#55

EthicsPoliticsConscienceHuman rightsMajoritySlaveryVoting

About this quote

What does it mean?
Thoreau claims that moral progress should not rely on majority votes, and that individual conscience—expressed through voting—can drive abolition of slavery.
In plain terms
He says personal conscience, not majority rule, should end slavery.
What can you take from it?
Let conscience guide voting for moral change.

Where it applies

  • election campaigns
  • civil rights advocacy
  • public debates

Putting it to work

  • encourage informed voting
  • promote conscience‑based platforms

Questions to consider

  • How can individual conscience influence collective policy?
  • What safeguards prevent majority tyranny?

Another view

Relying on individual conscience may be insufficient without systemic change.

More from Henry David Thoreau

  1. When a sixth of the population of a nation which has undertaken to be the refuge of liberty are slaves, and a whole country is unjustly overrun and conquered b…

    Permalink to quote #54
  2. He who gives himself entirely to his fellow-men appears to them useless and selfish; but he who gives himself partially to them is pronounced a benefactor and …

    Permalink to quote #56
  3. How does it become a man to behave toward this American government today? I answered that he cannot without disgrace be associated with it.

    Permalink to quote #53

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