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Imagine my glimpses at that clock as the gropings of a spiritual eye which seeks to adjust its vision to an exact focus. The moment the focus is reached the object is epiphanised. It is just in this epiphany that I find the third, the supreme quality of beauty. ... No esthetic theory, pursued Stephen relentlessly, is of any value which investigates with the aid of the lantern of tradition. What we symbolise in black the Chinaman may symbolise in yellow: each has his own tradition. Greek beauty laughs at Coptic beauty and the American Indian derides them both. It is almost impossible to reconcile all tradition whereas it is by no means impossible to find the justification of every form of beauty which has ever been adored on the earth by an examination into the mechanism of esthetic apprehension whether it be dressed in red, white, yellow or black. We have no reason for thinking that the Chinaman has a different system of digestion from that which we have though our diets are quite dissimilar. The apprehensive faculty must be scrutinised in action.

James Joyce#56

PhilosophyArtCultureAestheticsBeautyPerception

About this quote

What does it mean?
The quote describes a visual focus leading to an epiphany of beauty, arguing that aesthetic value transcends tradition and color.
In plain terms
Seeing clearly reveals a universal beauty beyond cultural symbols.
What can you take from it?
Look beyond superficial differences to find shared beauty.

Where it applies

  • art criticism
  • cultural studies

Putting it to work

  • compare traditions
  • seek common visual principles

Questions to consider

  • What makes something beautiful across cultures?
  • Can beauty be measured?

Another view

The language is dense and may alienate casual readers.

More from James Joyce

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  3. He comes into the world God knows how, walks on the water, gets out of his grave and goes up off the Hill of Howth. What drivel is this?

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