The great art of law-giving consists in balancing the poor against the rich in the legislature, and in constituting the legislative a perfect balance against the executive power, at the same time that no individual or party can become its rival. The essence of a free government consists in an effectual control of rivalries. The executive and the legislative powers are natural rivals; and if each has not an effectual control over the other, the weaker will ever be the lamb in the paws of the wolf. The nation which will not adopt an equilibrium of power must adopt a despotism. There is no other alternative. Rivalries must be controlled, or they will throw all things into confusion; and there is nothing but despotism or a balance of power which can control them.
About this quote
- What does it mean?
- A free government must balance legislative and executive powers, preventing any one party from dominating; otherwise despotism results.
- In plain terms
- Balance between branches is essential to avoid tyranny.
- What can you take from it?
- Design institutions with mutual checks.
Where it applies
Putting it to work
Questions to consider
- What mechanisms best enforce balance?
- How can balance be maintained over time?
Another view
Some systems function with strong executive authority without sliding into despotism.
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