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About this quote

What does it mean?
One useless person is a shame, two become a law firm, and three or more become a congress, implying that many idle individuals breed bureaucracy.
In plain terms
Too many idle people lead to inefficient governance.
What can you take from it?
Encourage productive involvement of citizens.

Where it applies

  • government reform
  • civil service
  • public employment

Putting it to work

  • skill training
  • public service incentives
  • meritocratic hiring

Questions to consider

  • What makes a citizen useful to society?
  • How can bureaucracy be reformed without reducing representation?

Another view

Large assemblies can also bring diverse perspectives and accountability.

More from John Adams

  1. Examine the struggle to not only establish a free republic, but to give it the economic strength and governmental structure that would allow it to prosper.

    Permalink to quote #87
  2. We are not exciting rebellion. Opposition, nay, open, avowed resistance by arms against usurpation and lawless violence, is not rebellion by the law of God or …

    Permalink to quote #89
  3. The great art of law-giving consists in balancing the poor against the rich in the legislature, and in constituting the legislative a perfect balance against t…

    Permalink to quote #86

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