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When an old and distinguished person speaks to you, listen to him carefully and with respect - but do not believe him. Never put your trust into anything but your own intellect. Your elder, no matter whether he has gray hair or has lost his hair, no matter whether he is a Nobel laureate - may be wrong. The world progresses, year by year, century by century, as the members of the younger generation find out what was wrong among the things that their elders said. So you must always be skeptical - always think for yourself.

Linus Pauling#7

EducationAuthorityCritical thinkingPhilosophySkepticism

About this quote

What does it mean?
The quote urges critical thinking and skepticism toward authority, even respected elders.
In plain terms
Respect elders but question their ideas.
What can you take from it?
Trust your own intellect over unquestioned authority.

Where it applies

  • education
  • career decisions

Putting it to work

  • evaluate claims before accepting them

Questions to consider

  • When should we defer to expertise?

Another view

Total skepticism can lead to dismissing valuable experience.

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