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Opinions offensive are of two sorts: some savoring of impiety, and some of incivility. Against the first, Christ Jesus never called for the sword of steel to help the sword of the spirit, that two-edged sword that comes out of the mouth of the Lord Jesus... The second sort, to wit, opinions of incivility, doubtless the opinions as well as practices are the proper object of the civil sword...

Roger Williams#18

ReligionLawAuthorityConductOpinion

About this quote

What does it mean?
Offensive opinions fall into two categories: those involving impiety and those involving incivility; spiritual matters should not be policed by force, but civil order can address incivility.
In plain terms
Some bad opinions are about God and some are about manners; don't use swords for the first, but the second can be regulated.
What can you take from it?
Distinguish between religious belief and civil behavior when considering punishment.

Where it applies

  • religious debates
  • civil governance
  • public order disputes

Putting it to work

  • categorizing offenses
  • limiting state power over belief
  • managing social conduct

Questions to consider

  • Where should the line be drawn between belief and behavior?
  • When is civil force appropriate?

Another view

The distinction between impiety and incivility can be subjective and culturally dependent.

More from Roger Williams

  1. The first grand design of Christ Jesus is to destroy and consume His mortal enemy antichrist. This must be done by the breath of His mouth in His prophets and …

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  2. Although the loose will be more loose (yet) possibly being at more liberty they may be put upon consideration and choice of ways of life and peace, yet, howeve…

    Permalink to quote #19
  3. I observe the great and wonderful mistake, both our own and our fathers, as to the civil powers of this world, acting in spiritual matters. I have read ... the…

    Permalink to quote #16

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