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They developed out of the situation. The courts brought in a lot of people who had to be shot. I always objected to having to use the same men for firing squadrons over and over again. During that period one day my camp leader, Karl Fritzsch, came to me and asked me whether I could try to execute people with Zyklon B gas. Until that time, Zyklon B was used only to disinfect barracks which were full of insects, fleas, et cetera. I tried it out on some people sentenced to death in the cell prison and that is how it developed. I didn't want any more shootings, so we used gas chambers instead.

Rudolf Hoss#11

HolocaustWar crimesCrimeWarBureaucracyExecution

About this quote

What does it mean?
The speaker describes the transition from execution by shooting to using gas, driven by operational convenience and objection to repeated killings.
In plain terms
They moved from shooting people to using gas because it was easier for the guards.
What can you take from it?
Operational efficiency can override moral objections in bureaucratic systems.

Where it applies

  • historical analysis of WWII
  • studying concentration camps
  • examining bureaucratic violence

Putting it to work

  • understand mechanisms of genocide
  • analyze command structures

Questions to consider

  • How do systems normalize atrocity?
  • What role does bureaucracy play in evil?

Another view

The quote minimizes the horror by framing it as a logistical choice.

More from Rudolf Hoss

  1. Burning two thousand people took about twenty-four hours in the five stoves. Usually we could manage to cremate only about seventeen hundred to eighteen hundre…

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  2. Our system is so terrible that nobody in the world will believe it possible... If someone were to succeed to escape from Auschwitz and to tell their story to t…

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  3. I believed that crematoriums could be erected fast and so wanted to burn the corpses in the mass graves in the crematory, but when I saw that the crematory cou…

    Permalink to quote #9

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