[H]istorical science is not worse, more restricted, or less capable of achieving firm conclusions because experiment, prediction, and subsumption under invariant laws of nature do not represent its usual working methods. The sciences of history use a different mode of explanation, rooted in the comparative and observational richness in our data. We cannot see a past event directly, but science is usually based on inference, not unvarnished observation (you don't see electrons, gravity, or black holes either).
About this quote
- What does it mean?
- Historical science achieves firm conclusions through comparative and observational data rather than experimentation or prediction under invariant laws.
- In plain terms
- History-based sciences work differently than experimental ones but are just as capable of proving things.
- What can you take from it?
- Different scientific methods can yield equally valid results.
Where it applies
Putting it to work
Questions to consider
- How do we validate knowledge without direct observation?
- What makes a scientific conclusion firm?
Another view
Some critics argue that without experimental control, historical conclusions remain less certain.
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