Skip to content
quotesby

Humans may crave absolute certainty; they may aspire to it; they may pretend, as partisans of certain religions do, to have attained it. But the history of science - by far the most successful claim to knowledge accessible to humans - teaches that the most we can hope for is successive improvement in our understanding, learning from our mistakes, an asymptotic approach to the Universe, but with the proviso that absolute certainty will always elude us.

Carl Sagan#66

ScienceKnowledgeHistoryCertaintyUncertainty

About this quote

What does it mean?
While humans crave absolute certainty, history shows that scientific understanding improves asymptotically without ever reaching it.
In plain terms
We want to be 100% sure but science only ever gets closer to the truth without ever being totally certain.
What can you take from it?
Accept that scientific knowledge improves over time but never reaches absolute certainty.

Where it applies

  • evaluating scientific claims
  • religious belief
  • personal knowledge

Putting it to work

  • expect uncertainty
  • learn from mistakes
  • value improvement

Questions to consider

  • Why do humans crave certainty?
  • How do you deal with uncertainty?

Another view

Some people still demand absolute certainty despite evidence against it.

More from Carl Sagan

  1. Education on the value of free speech and the other freedoms reserved by the Bill of Rights, about what happens when you don't have them, and about how to exer…

    Permalink to quote #65
  2. I never said it. Honest. Oh, I said there are maybe 100 billion galaxies and 10 billion trillion stars. It's hard to talk about the Cosmos without using big nu…

    Permalink to quote #67
  3. Think of how many religions attempt to validate themselves with prophecy. Think of how many people rely on these prophecies, however vague, however unfulfilled…

    Permalink to quote #64

Related quotes

  1. If I have not seen as far as others, it is because giants were standing on my shoulders.

    Hal AbelsonHal Abelson quote #1
  2. 'I belong to the don't-know school of economics.'

    Herbert SteinHerbert Stein quote #2
  3. There is no such thing as a unique scientific vision, any more than there is a unique poetic vision. Science is a mosaic of partial and conflicting visions. Bu…

    Freeman DysonFreeman Dyson quote #5