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Mankind can hardly be too often reminded, that there was once a man named Socrates, between whom and the legal authorities and public opinion of his time, there took place a memorable collision. Born in an age and country abounding in individual greatness, this man has been handed down to us by those who best knew both him and the age, as the most virtuous man in it; while we know him as the head and prototype of all subsequent teachers of virtue... This acknowledged master of all the eminent thinkers who have since lived - whose fame, still growing after more than two thousand years, all but outweighs the whole remainder of the names which make his native city illustrious - was put to death by his countrymen, after a judicial conviction, for impiety and immorality. (p. 32)

John Stuart Mill#30

TruthPhilosophyHistoryPowerJusticePersecutionPublic opinionSocratesVirtue

About this quote

What does it mean?
Socrates was a virtuous teacher put to death by his own countrymen for impiety, showing how public opinion kills great minds.
In plain terms
Socrates, a great teacher, was killed by his countrymen because their leaders and public opinion deemed him immoral.
What can you take from it?
Great minds are often persecuted by public opinion.

Where it applies

  • historical cases
  • teaching
  • legal trials

Putting it to work

  • protect thinkers
  • study history

Questions to consider

  • Why do societies kill their best?
  • Is Socrates still relevant?

Another view

It romanticizes Socrates without detailing the specific political tensions of his trial.

More from John Stuart Mill

  1. The usefulness of an opinion is itself matter of opinion. (p. 30)

    Permalink to quote #29
  2. The only other instance of judicial iniquity, the mention of which, after the condemnation of Socrates, would not be an anti-climax: the event which took place…

    Permalink to quote #31
  3. Strange it is, that men should admit the validity of the arguments for free discussion, but object to their being 'pushed to an extreme'; not seeing that unles…

    Permalink to quote #28

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