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No longer able to believe in the Church religion, whose falsehood they had detected, and incapable of accepting true Christian teaching, which denounced their whole manner of life, these rich and powerful people, stranded without any religious conception of life, involuntarily returned to that pagan view of things which places life's meaning in personal enjoyment. And then among the upper classes what is called the 'Renaissance of science and art' took place, which was really not only a denial of every religion, but also an assertion that religion was unnecessary.

Leo Tolstoy#68

HistoryReligionMeaningEnjoyment

About this quote

What does it mean?
Unable to believe in Church or true Christianity, the wealthy adopted a pagan view focused on enjoyment, leading to a Renaissance that rejected religion.
In plain terms
The wealthy rejected religion for personal enjoyment during the Renaissance.
What can you take from it?
Loss of faith can lead to hedonism.

Where it applies

  • studying history
  • cultural critique

Putting it to work

  • evaluating values
  • seeking meaning

Questions to consider

  • Is enjoyment enough meaning?
  • How does society shift?

Another view

The Renaissance also advanced science and knowledge.

More from Leo Tolstoy

  1. in the upper, rich, more educated classes of European society doubt arose as to the truth of that understanding of life which was expressed by Church Christian…

    Permalink to quote #67
  2. So the majority of the highest classes of that age. even the popes and ecclesiastics, really believed in nothing at all. They did not believe in the Church doc…

    Permalink to quote #69
  3. However foreign this teaching may have been to true Christianity, however degraded, not only in comparison with true Christianity, but even with the life-conce…

    Permalink to quote #66

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