Skip to content
quotesby

So the majority of the highest classes of that age. even the popes and ecclesiastics, really believed in nothing at all. They did not believe in the Church doctrine, for they saw its insolvency; but neither could they follow Francis of Assisi, Kelchitsky, and most of the sectarians in acknowledging the moral, social teaching of Christ, for that undermined their social position. And so these people remained without any religious view of life. And, having none, they could have no standard with which to estimate what was good and what was bad art, but that of personal enjoyment.

Leo Tolstoy#69

MoralityTolstoyReligionArt theoryHypocrisyClass

About this quote

What does it mean?
Tolstoy argues that the highest classes, including religious leaders, lacked true religious belief and relied on personal enjoyment as their only standard for art and morality.
In plain terms
The rich and powerful of that time did not believe in church doctrines or Christ's teachings, so they judged art by what gave them pleasure.
What can you take from it?
Without a moral standard, personal enjoyment becomes the default metric for evaluating art.

Where it applies

  • evaluating historical art
  • analyzing elite culture
  • studying religious history

Putting it to work

  • critique elite art standards
  • examine class influence on taste

Questions to consider

  • How does social position influence moral standards?
  • Can art exist without a moral framework?

Another view

This view assumes all upper-class individuals lacked genuine faith, which may oversimplify historical complexity.

More from Leo Tolstoy

  1. No longer able to believe in the Church religion, whose falsehood they had detected, and incapable of accepting true Christian teaching, which denounced their …

    Permalink to quote #68
  2. ...having acknowledged the measure of the good to be pleasure, i.e., beauty, the European upper classes went back in their comprehension of art to the gross co…

    Permalink to quote #70
  3. in the upper, rich, more educated classes of European society doubt arose as to the truth of that understanding of life which was expressed by Church Christian…

    Permalink to quote #67

Related quotes

  1. Conventionality is not morality. Self-righteousness is not religion. To attack the first is not to assail the last. To pluck the mask from the face of the Phar…

    Charlotte BronteCharlotte Bronte quote #3
  2. Fay: The Ten Commandments. She was a great believer in some of them.

    Joe OrtonJoe Orton quote #7
  3. And the priests looked down into the pit of injustice and they turned away their faces and said Our kingdom is not as the kingdom of this world Our life on ear…

    Peter WeissPeter Weiss quote #9