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[S]cientists are not robotic inducing machines that infer structures of explanation only from regularities observed in natural phenomena (assuming, as I doubt, that such a style of reasoning could ever achieve success in principle). Scientists are human beings, immersed in culture, and struggling with all the curious tools of inference that mind permits [:]. Culture can potentiate as well as constrain-as Darwin's translation of Adam Smith's laissez-faire economic models into biology as the theory of natural selection. In any case, objective minds do not exist outside culture, so we must make the best of our ineluctable embedding.

Stephen Jay Gould#52

SciencePhilosophyResearchCultureHumanityObjectivity

About this quote

What does it mean?
Scientists are human beings shaped by culture, not objective machines; we must embrace this embedding since objectivity outside culture does not exist.
In plain terms
Scientists are people influenced by culture, not neutral robots, so we must accept that reality.
What can you take from it?
Acknowledge that science is culturally embedded and humans cannot be purely objective.

Where it applies

  • scientific practice
  • research
  • education

Putting it to work

  • reflect on cultural biases
  • value diverse perspectives

Questions to consider

  • Can science ever be truly objective?
  • How does culture shape scientific ideas?

Another view

Scientific methods reduce cultural bias significantly.

More from Stephen Jay Gould

  1. The theory of punctuated equilibrium, proposed by Niles Eldredge and myself, is not, as so often misunderstood, a radical claim for truly sudden change, but a …

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  2. I despair of persuading people to drop the familiar and comforting tactic of dichotomy. Perhaps, instead, we might expand the framework of debates by seeking o…

    Permalink to quote #53
  3. I have often been amused by our vulgar tendency to take complex issues, with solutions at neither extreme of a continuum of possibilities, and break them into …

    Permalink to quote #50

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