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There is a peculiarly modern predilection for psychological explanations of disease, as of everything else. Psychologizing seems to provide control over the experiences and events (like grave illnesses) over which people have in fact little or no control. Psychological understanding undermines the 'reality' of a disease. That reality has to be explained. (It really means; or is a symbol of; or must be interpreted so.) For those who live neither with religious consolations about death nor with a sense of death (or of anything else) as natural, death is the obscene mystery, the ultimate affront, the thing that cannot be controlled. It can only be denied. A large part of the popularity and persuasiveness of psychology comes from its being a sublimated spiritualism: a secular, ostensibly scientific way of affirming the primacy of 'spirit' over matter.

Susan Sontag#9

ControlDeathMedicinePsychology

About this quote

What does it mean?
Sontag argues modern psychology turns disease into symbols to give people control, often denying the raw reality of illness and death.
In plain terms
Psychological explanations of disease give false control and deny illness reality.
What can you take from it?
Question medical narratives that explain illness as personal symbolism.

Where it applies

  • healthcare
  • counseling
  • medical ethics

Putting it to work

  • listen to patients
  • avoid oversimplified explanations

Questions to consider

  • Does illness have a symbol?
  • How do we face mortality?

Another view

Psychology sometimes provides real comfort and practical help.

More from Susan Sontag

  1. Illness is the night-side of life, a more onerous citizenship. Everyone who is born holds dual citizenship, in the kingdom of the well and in the kingdom of th…

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  2. One of my oldest crusades is against the distinction between thought and feeling... which is really the basis of all anti-intellectual views: the heart and the…

    Permalink to quote #10
  3. Sadomasochism has always been the furthest reach of the sexual experience: when sex becomes most purely sexual, that is, severed from personhood, from relation…

    Permalink to quote #7

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