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If we keep on with business as usual, the Earth will be warmed more every year; drought and floods will be endemic; many more cities, provinces, and whole nations will be submerged beneath the waves - unless heroic worldwide engineering countermeasures are taken. In the longer run, still more dire consequences may follow, including the collapse of the West Antarctic ice sheet, and the inundation of almost all the coastal cities on the planet.

Carl Sagan#68

FutureEnvironmentClimateEarthEngineering

About this quote

What does it mean?
Sagan warns that ignoring climate change leads to catastrophic environmental collapse unless massive intervention occurs. He emphasizes the urgency of global action to prevent irreversible damage.
In plain terms
Continuing current trends will devastate the planet without heroic efforts to stop it.
What can you take from it?
Global cooperation is needed to a catastrophic climate change.

Where it applies

  • policy debates
  • scientific research
  • public awareness

Putting it to work

  • support sustainable policies
  • advocate for green tech
  • reduce carbon footprint

Questions to consider

  • What actions can individuals take now?
  • How do we motivate global cooperation?

Another view

Heroic engineering might not be feasible or fast enough.

More from Carl Sagan

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  2. A central lesson of science is that to understand complex issues (or even simple ones), we must try to free our minds of dogma and to guarantee the freedom to …

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  3. Humans may crave absolute certainty; they may aspire to it; they may pretend, as partisans of certain religions do, to have attained it. But the history of sci…

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