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About this quote

What does it mean?
Science relies on the tension between openness to new ideas and ruthless skeptical scrutiny to distinguish truth from nonsense.
In plain terms
Science needs both openness to new ideas and strict skepticism to find truth.
What can you take from it?
Balance openness with skepticism to separate truth from nonsense.

Where it applies

  • scientific research
  • evaluating claims
  • innovation

Putting it to work

  • stay open
  • scrutinize claims

Questions to consider

  • How do you balance openness and skepticism?
  • When is skepticism harmful?

Another view

The tension between openness and skepticism can sometimes stall progress.

More from Carl Sagan

  1. Arguments from authority simply do not count; too many authorities have been mistaken too often.

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  2. Atheism is more than just the knowledge that gods do not exist, and that religion is either a mistake or a fraud. Atheism is an attitude, a frame of mind that …

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  3. Anything else you're interested in is not going to happen if you can't breathe the air and drink the water. Don't sit this one out. Do something.

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