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The difference between the past and present selves of the same individual is so great as to make them different persons for all moral purposes. That single fact we were just speaking of-the fact that no man would care for vengeance on one who had injured him, provided he knew that all memory of the offence had been blotted utterly from his enemy's mind-proves the entire proposition. It shows that it is not the present self of his enemy that the avenger is angry with at all, but the past self. Even in the blindness of his wrath he intuitively recognizes the distinction between the two.

Edward Bellamy#7

ForgivenessMemoryChangeEthicsIdentityMoralitySelf

About this quote

What does it mean?
The past and present selves of a person are so different they count as different people morally. We see this because we do not seek vengeance against someone who has completely forgotten the offense they committed.
In plain terms
A person changes so much over time that punishing them for past actions is like punishing a different person.
What can you take from it?
Forgiveness is easier when the offender no longer remembers the wrong.

Where it applies

  • considering forgiveness
  • evaluating blame
  • personal growth

Putting it to work

  • reflect on past mistakes
  • consider context of change
  • practice empathy

Questions to consider

  • Are you the same person you were ten years ago?
  • Does memory define moral guilt?

Another view

People often still hold grudges even when the other party has moved on.

More from Edward Bellamy

  1. Why, when the world gets to understand about it I expect that two men or two women, or a man and a woman, will come in here, and say to me, 'We have quarrelled…

    Permalink to quote #6
  2. Human history, like all great movements, was cyclical, and returned to the point of beginning. the idea of indefinite progress in a right line was a chimera of…

    Permalink to quote #8
  3. But one thing it opened her eyes to, and made certain from the first instant of her new consciousness, namely, that since she loved him she could not keep her …

    Permalink to quote #5

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