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The STATE IDEA, the authoritarian principle, has been proven bankrupt by the experience of the Russian Revolution. If I were to sum up my whole argument in one sentence I should say: The inherent tendency of the State is to concentrate, to narrow, and monopolize all social activities; the nature of revolution is, on the contrary, to grow, to broaden, and disseminate itself in ever-wider circles. In other words, the State is institutional and static; revolution is fluent, dynamic. These two tendencies are incompatible and mutually destructive. The State idea killed the Russian Revolution and it must have the same result in all other revolutions, unless the libertarian idea prevail.

Emma Goldman#22

RevolutionPowerState

About this quote

What does it mean?
The State is static and monopolistic, while revolution is dynamic and broadening.
In plain terms
State power concentrates control; revolution spreads it.
What can you take from it?
Revolution fails when it replaces one state with another.

Where it applies

  • political theory
  • revolutionary movements

Putting it to work

  • avoid centralization
  • spread participation

Questions to consider

  • Can revolution avoid becoming the state?
  • What makes institutions static?

Another view

Some order and structure are needed in society.

More from Emma Goldman

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  2. The dominant, almost general, idea of revolution - particularly the Socialist idea - is that revolution is a violent change of social conditions through which …

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  3. Atheism ... in its philosophic aspect refuses allegiance not merely to a definite concept of God, but it refuses all servitude to the God idea, and opposes the…

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