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The Fuhrer has ordered that the enemy employs in partisan warfare Communist-trained fanatics who do not hesitate to commit any atrocity. It is more than ever a question of life and death. This fight has nothing to do with soldierly gallantry or principles of the Geneva Convention. If the fight against the partisans in the East, as well as in the Balkans, is not waged with the most brutal means, we will shortly reach the point where the available forces are insufficient to control the area. It is therefore not only justified, but it is the duty of the troops to use all means without restriction, even against women and children, so long as it ensures success. Any consideration for the partisans is a crime against the German people.

Wilhelm Keitel#9

EthicsWarHuman rights

About this quote

What does it mean?
An order authorizing brutal tactics against partisans, ignoring military principles and targeting civilians.
In plain terms
Use all means including violence against civilians to win this fight.
What can you take from it?
Survival arguments do not justify violating human rights.

Where it applies

  • armed conflict
  • counter-insurgency
  • security threats

Putting it to work

  • reject orders harming civilians
  • seek legal recourse

Questions to consider

  • When does war cross ethical lines?
  • What limits apply to security measures?

Another view

It presents violence as a moral duty.

More from Wilhelm Keitel

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  3. Why did the generals who have been so ready to term me a complaisant and incompetent yes-man fail to secure my removal? Was that all that difficult? No, that w…

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