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The militarily-patriotic and the romantic-minded everywhere, and especially the professional military class, refuse to admit for a moment that war may be a transitory phenomenon in social evolution. The notion of a sheep's paradise like that revolts, they say, our higher imagination. Where then would be the steeps of life? If war had ever stopped, we should have to re-invent it, on this view, to redeem life from flat degeneration. Reflective apologists for war at the present day all take it religiously. It is a sort of sacrament. It's profits are to the vanquished as well as to the victor; and quite apart from any question of profit, it is an absolute good, we are told, for it is human nature at its highest dynamic.

William James#95

PhilosophyWarSocietyCulture

About this quote

What does it mean?
Military and romantic ideals reject the idea that war could end, viewing war as a necessary, almost sacred, dynamic of human life.
In plain terms
Some see war as essential and even holy.
What can you take from it?
Question the belief that conflict is inherently necessary for vitality.

Where it applies

  • military recruitment
  • cultural debates on war

Putting it to work

  • philosophical essays
  • public lectures

Questions to consider

  • Is war truly indispensable for societal progress?
  • What alternatives could fulfill the 'dynamic' role of war?

Another view

It ignores historical periods of prolonged peace and their benefits.

More from William James

  1. It would seem that common sense and reason ought to find a way to reach agreement in every conflict of honest interests. I myself think it our bounden duty to …

    Permalink to quote #94
  2. Without risks or prizes for the darer, history would be insipid indeed; and there is a type of military character which every one feels that the race should ne…

    Permalink to quote #96
  3. At the present day, civilized opinion is a curious mental mixture. The military instincts and ideals are as strong as ever, but they are confronted by reflecti…

    Permalink to quote #93

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