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The Benthamic standard of 'the greatest happiness' was that which I had always been taught to apply; I was even familiar with an abstract discussion of it, forming an episode in an unpublished dialogue on Government, written by my father on the Platonic model. Yet in the first pages of Bentham it burst upon me with all the force of novelty. What thus impressed me was the chapter in which Bentham passed judgment on the common modes of reasoning in morals and legislation, deduced from phrases like 'the law of nature,' 'right reason,' 'the moral sense,' 'natural rectitude,' and the like, and characterized them as dogmatism in disguise, imposing its sentiments upon others under cover of sounding expressions which convey no reason for the sentiment, but set up the sentiment as its own reason. It had not struck me before, that Bentham's principle put an end to all this. The feeling rushed upon me, that all previous moralists were superseded, and that here indeed was the commencement of a new era in thought.

John Stuart Mill#64

EthicsPhilosophyMoralityUtilitarianismCritiqueReasonUtility

About this quote

What does it mean?
Mill describes discovering Bentham's principle of utility as a novel critique of traditional moral reasoning based on vague natural laws.
In plain terms
He realized Bentham's idea rejected old moral rules that claimed authority without giving real reasons.
What can you take from it?
Question moral rules that rely on tradition rather than clear reasoning.

Where it applies

  • studying ethics
  • evaluating laws
  • questioning tradition

Putting it to work

  • analyze moral arguments
  • reject unsupported principles

Questions to consider

  • What vague moral terms do you encounter often?
  • How do you justify your own moral views?

Another view

The quote focuses on intellectual revelation without addressing practical implementation of the principle.

More from John Stuart Mill

  1. The first intellectual operation in which I arrived at any proficiency, was dissecting a bad argument, and finding in what part the fallacy lay; and though wha…

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  2. Those only are happy (I thought) who have their minds fixed on some object other than their own happiness.

    Permalink to quote #65
  3. When we consider the positive evil caused to the disqualified half of the human race by their disqualification - first in the loss of the most inspiriting and …

    Permalink to quote #62

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