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The third aspect of my subject is that of science as a method of finding things out. This method is based on the principle that observation is the judge of whether something is so or not. All other aspects and characteristics of science can be understood directly when we understand that observation is the ultimate and final judge of the truth of an idea. But 'prove' used in this way really means 'test,' in the same way that a hundred-proof alcohol is a test of the alcohol, and for people today the idea really should be translated as, 'The exception tests the rule.' Or, put another way, 'The exception proves that the rule is wrong.' That is the principle of science. If there is an exception to any rule, and if it can be proved by observation, that rule is wrong.

Richard Feynman#51

ScienceTruthObservationMethodTesting

About this quote

What does it mean?
Science relies on observation to test rules; exceptions prove rules wrong.
In plain terms
Observation tests truth; exceptions show rules are wrong.
What can you take from it?
Scientific rules change when observations contradict them.

Where it applies

  • teaching science
  • evaluating theories
  • debating evidence

Putting it to work

  • prioritize data
  • test hypotheses

Questions to consider

  • What tests a rule?
  • Can exceptions be wrong?

Another view

Some truths aren't easily testable by observation.

More from Richard Feynman

  1. It's a great game to look at the past, at an unscientific era, look at something there, and say have we got the same thing now, and where is it? So I would lik…

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  2. No government has the right to decide on the truth of scientific principles, nor to prescribe in any way the character of the questions investigated. Neither m…

    Permalink to quote #52
  3. Some people say, 'How can you live without knowing?' I do not know what they mean. I always live without knowing. That is easy. How you get to know is what I w…

    Permalink to quote #49

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